Multiple vulnerabilities have been reported in Moodle, which can be exploited by malicious users to disclose sensitive information, bypass certain security restrictions, conduct script insertion attacks, and conduct SQL injection attacks and by malicious people to conduct cross-site scripting attacks.

1) An error exists in the handling of access permissions and can be exploited to disclose user details.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a teacher account.

2) An error when reading recent conversations can be exploited to read other users' messages via a specially crafted URL.

3) An error when adding questions to a quiz does not check the "question:use" permission, which can be exploited to add questions to a quiz.

4) An error exists in the handling of access permissions in the question bank, which can be exploited to save questions.

5) An error exists in the handling of access permissions, which can be exploited to edit read-only activity entries.

6) An error can be exploited to modify user permissions.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a teacher account.

7) Certain input when saving wiki page titles is not properly sanitised before being used. This can be exploited to insert arbitrary HTML and script code, which will be executed in a user's browser session in context of an affected site when the malicious data is being viewed.

8) Input passed via the "name" parameter to admin/webservice/service.php is not properly sanitised before being returned to the user. This can be exploited to execute arbitrary HTML and script code in a user's browser session in context of an affected site.

9) Certain input passed to blog/index.php is not properly sanitised before being returned to the user. This can be exploited to execute arbitrary HTML and script code in a user's browser session in context of an affected site.

10) Certain input when adding a calendar event is not properly sanitised before being used in SQL queries. This can be exploited to manipulate SQL queries by injecting arbitrary SQL code.

11) Input passed via the "idnumber" parameter to cohort/edit.php is not properly sanitised before being used. This can be exploited to insert arbitrary HTML and script code, which will be executed in a user's browser session in context of an affected site when the malicious data is being viewed.

12) An error exists in the handling of access permissions, which can be exploited to overwrite other users' activity presets.

13) An error exists in the handling of access permissions, which can be exploited to create calendar entries.

Vulnerabilities #9, #10, and #14 are reported in versions 1.9 through 1.9.17+, vulnerabilities #1-4 are reported in versions 2.2 through 2.2.2+ and 2.1 through 2.1.5+, vulnerabilities #5-8, #11, #12, and #14 are reported in versions 2.2 through 2.2.2+, 2.1 through 2.1.5+, and 2.0 through 2.0.8+.

Solution
Update to version 1.9.18, 2.0.9, 2.1.6, or 2.2.3.

Provided and/or discovered by
The vendor credits:
1) Andreas Grupp.
2) Juan Aburto.
3, 4) Tim Hunt.
5) Amanda Doughty.
6) Jozas Nhial.
7) Sam Hemelryk.
8, 11, 12) Dan Poltawski.
9, 10) Simon Coggins.
13) Martin Huntley.

Original Advisory
Moodle (MSA-12-0024, MSA-12-0025, MSA-12-0026, MSA-12-0027, MSA-12-0029, MSA-12-0030, MSA-12-0031, MSA-12-0032, MSA-12-0033, MSA-12-0034, MSA-12-0036, MSA-12-0037, MSA-12-0038):
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203041
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203042
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203043
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203044
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203046
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203048
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203049
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203050
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203052
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203053
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203055
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203056
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=203057

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